It has attracted international attention because in nepal, decentralization is linked with emerging. Nepals community forestry cf process has implied the devolution of powers to collect, retain, and redistribute forest revenue from community forests products. The use and usefulness of inventorybased management planning to forest management. Decentralized forest governance ganga ram dahal and apsara chapagain nepals community forestry has become an example of progressive legislation and policies in the decentralization of forest management. We hope to restore the service to all relevant content as soon as possible. Communities here often lack basic facilities, such as health clinics and schools, have limited access to electricity, poor housing conditions and are dependent on wood fuel figure s8. There is growing a global concern in linking communitymanaged forests as potential climate change mitigation projects. Nepal has been implementing cbfm approach for the forest through differently named programs since 1976, with the.
The community forestry program in nepal is a global innovation in participatory environmental governance that encompasses welldefined policies, institutions, and practices. Shifting regimes of management and uses of forests. The program was launched in the mid 1970s as part of an effort to curb the widely perceived. Evidence from community forestry in nepal, forest policy and economics, elsevier, vol. Community forestry and local development citeseerx. Fecofun publishes different kinds of publication materials related to natural resources in general and community forestry in particular. All discussion papers can be downloaded free of charge. We assessed the effectiveness of nepalese community forestry program cfp in increasing local perceptions of equity in benefit sharing.
Pdf development and status of community forestry governance in. Forest users and environmental impacts of community. Care nepal has been involved in promoting food and nutrition security, livelihood, resilience to climate change and community based natural resource management nrm in nepal for more than two decades. Community forestry is pursued as rural development strategy in many tropical forest regions worldwide. Forest users and environmental impacts of community forestry. However, the level of participation may be varied according to the modalities and tenure arrangements.
Political conflict, community forest governance and local. Household determinants and the resource consumption. Federation of community forestry users nepal fecofun. Drawing on four case studies of community forestry in nepal, this paper discusses pathways through which forests are contributing to food security needs of local communities. However, many scholars argue that although it has been successful in protecting forests from degradation, it has not been able to create an. Opportunities and challenges for community forestry. Introduction development projects conceived now are rarely expected to have a life of more than. One of the two main goals under the community forestry program in nepal was to alleviate poverty as well as improve the general livelihoods of the nepali people. Community forestry in nepal connecting repositories.
Nepal covers a total of 147,148 square kilometers, approximately 40. Stakeholder perspectives on patterns and causes of forest. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get. Development practitioners and policy makers are recently and increasingly concerned with gender and social equity issues.
Community forestry practice in nepal emerged in late 1970s from the failure of centralized forest governance to implement participatory forest management that improves deteriorating environmental conditions and provides forest products to local populace in the hills. Community forestry is being redefined, not as a separate form of forestry but. Although nepal is among the worlds poorest countries, it is a global leader in engaging communities in forest protection and management. This paper explores the impact of violent conflict in nepal on the functioning of community forestry user groups cfugs, particularly those supported by the livelihoods and forestry programme, funded by the united kingdoms department for international development dfid. Through the implementation of more than 10 projects around agriculture and food security, livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, natural resources governance, watershed management, climate. The level of involvement of each of these groups is dependent on the specific community forest project, the management system in use and the region. It gained prominence in the mid1970s and examples of community forestry can now be seen in many countries including nepal, indonesia, korea, brazil, india and north america. This paper seeks to understand to what extent cfug funds are being invested in ppp, what factors determine whether investment in ppp is made, and whether. This study contributes to our knowledge about these important aspects of cf by presenting an analysis of the dynamic pattern of income and expenditure of 43 randomly selected community forestry user groups cfugs from kaski. In order to understand the context and particular designs and objectives of nepal s community forestry program, key literature.
Community based forest management approaches are considered to be the most successful approach in climate change adaptation and promotion of community forestry may increase local adaptive capacity keenan, 2015. Establishment of community forestry in nepal is a successful step in conservation of forest. Prioritizing enablers for effective community forestry in cameroon. Altitude ranges from 73 to 8,848 meters above mean sea level and includes diverse geoclimatic zones. In this paper, i demonstrate that nepals community forestry initiatives have evolved into regimes of. Nepal is now considered a success story and world leader for forest rights. Conflict resilience among community forestry user groups. Committee meeting on darwin initiative project entitled mainstreaming biodiversity and ecosystem services into community forestry in nepal continue reading expert consultation wokshop on mainstreaming biodiversity and ecosystem services into community forestry in.
Nepals community forestry program, more than two decades old, has helped regenerate substantial areas of degraded. Community forestry practice in nepal emerged in late 1970s from the failure of centralized forest governance to implement. A total of 211 individuals from 5 categories of stakeholders, that all are involved in community forestry in nepal, responded to a structured questionnaire administered face to face. Handing over of accessible forest areas as community forests to the forest user groups for management and utilization of forest resources. In the context of current controversy about the outcome of community forestry in the nepal terai, the poor initial condition of forests handed over to local communities is highly significant, and needs to be factored into evaluations of. Although several pilot projects in namibia have been involved with community forestry since the early 1990s, procedures have varied from site to site. To link to the entire object, paste this link in email, im or document to embed the entire object, paste this html in website to link to this page, paste this link in email, im or document to embed this page, paste this html in website. Propoor commercial management of nontimber forest products. As we all know that the day by day growth of population and pollution has been suffering human beings as well as other wild animals which have created a need of education which directly deals with natural resources like forests, rivers, lakes, wet land etc by giving student the proper knowledge of managing such resources. Community forestry in nepal download ebook pdf, epub.
The present study contributes to our understanding of local level forest crimes and law enforcement in community forestry. Current status of community forestry in nepal by keshav raj kanel, ph. It involves the participation and collaboration of various stakeholders including community, government and nongovernmental organisations ngos. Resources free fulltext importance of community forestry. Community forestry in the middle hills of nepal has been undergoing unprecedented changes in recent years. Community forestry is one of the most popular participatory forest management practices in nepal started in 1970 after realization of the peoples participation in the sustainable development by the government of nepal. Community forest community forest means a national forest handed over to an users group pursuant to section 25 for its development, conservation and utilization for the collective. Community based forest management cbfm is a system of managing forest by the participation of local community for the mutual benefit of forest and local people. Click download or read online button to get the political ecology of community forestry in nepal book now. Assessing the roles of community forestry in climate.
However, many scholars argue that although it has been successful in protecting forests from degradation, it has not been able to create an inclusive platform for political decisionmaking process. Community forestry and rural livelihood a case study of forest dependent community. Presentationssession%205khanal%20chhetri%20and%20jens%20lund. Community forests in nepal are built on the experience of other countries around the world, especially its neighbors in south asia. Community forestry in nepal download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl. However, since the onset of the maoist insurgency in 1996 and subsequent armed conflicts over the next decade, the community forestry program in.
Climate change is regarded as one of the most fundamental threats to sustainable livelihood and global development. Impacts of community forestry on livelihoods in the middle. Status, issues and lessons learned article pdf available in international journal of sciences 6march 2017 03. Looking back over more than twenty years of project experience in community forestry itself grounded on an integrated. The master plan for the forestry sector, 1989 is considered as a basic policy document. Community forestry focuses on the link between forest resources and livelihoods and contributes to forest conservation and reforestation.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Contribution of community forestry in the local livelihood. Forest users and environmental impacts of community forestry in the hills of nepal. In tropical america, rich experiences have been accumulated with community forestry support initiatives and this chapter summarizes published and the author s.
Sundar community forestry users group, makwanpur distrcit of nepal submitted to asian ngo coalition angoc submitted by global alliance of community forestry gacf gacf secretariat nepal prepared by. Women and collective action 231 in these cfugs was 1. Community forestry in nepal an overview the community forestry program in nepal encompasses a set of policy and institutional innovations that empower local communities to manage forests for livelihoods, while also enhancing conservation benefits. Based on an extensive literature and illustrated by a field survey of two forest user groups in nepal, this paper explores how participation in. Pdf community forestry in nepal a model of community. Dec, 2017 in nepal, an ambitious government program of forest rights devolution began in the 1970s, and a new forest rights law in 1993 marked a milestone when a significant range of forest uses and management was officially entrusted to community forest user groups cfugs. The program addresses the twin goals of forest conservation and poverty reduction. While the civil society groups such as the influential federation of community forestry users nepal fecofun, which represents more than 19,000 community forest user groups cfugs across the country, want the expansion of cf regime in the terai, the government wants to advance. The community forestry program in nepal is a global innovation in participatory. Various forms of discrimination on the basis of caste, economic status, ethnicity, gender, age and vulnerability exist in nepal. In this paper, i demonstrate that nepal s community forestry initiatives have evolved into regimes of governance beyond the local level. The political ecology of community forestry in nepal.
Management of ntfps through cfugs is an important povertyreduction strategy in rural nepal. History of forest management and evolution of community forestry in nepal, forest. Click download or read online button to get community forestry in nepal book now. Apr, 2014 ghan shyam pandey coordinator, gacf chairman, green foundation nepal email. Nepal has a long history of community forestry, from the.
Community forestry pays off for nepal cifor forests news. For all the 41 publications selected, we downloaded the. Propoor programs financed through nepals community. Hence, community forestry schemes are well placed to maintain forest cover simply because the pressures on forests are inherently low. Community forestry department of forests and soil conservation.
Assessing the roles of community forestry in climate change mitigation and adaptation. The impacts of a community forestry program on forest conditions. The objective of study is to evaluate the process of community forestry and how community forestry contributes to maintain sustainable resource and to the local livelihood wellbeing. Pdf community based forest management cbfm is a system of managing forest by the participation of local community for the mutual. Hill community forestry in nepal 55 community management of forests in mexico 57 table of contents responsive and relevant to the needs and interests of rural people with a stake in forests. On this ground, this essay will try to analyze the community forestry in nepal as a model of community governance. The federation of community forestry users in nepal fecofun conducted the ccri assessment with communities in the barandabhar corridor, the basanta corridor and the panchase. Community conservation resilience initiative in nepal. Phd thesis, london school of economics and political science united kingdom. Forests play an important role in rural livelihoods in nepal, providing inputs to farming systems and subsistence resources for the landless malla 2000. Assessing the roles of community forestry in climate change. The analysis is based on random sample data of 80 households from a community forest user groups of baghmara community forestry bcf in nepal.
There is an increasing recognition of the contribution of forests to food security of poor and marginalized people. Community forestry is an evolving branch of forestry whereby the local community plays a significant role in forest management and land use decision making by themselves in the facilitating support of government as well as change agents. This study examines the association of household characteristics with forest product consumption and other benefits derived from community forest in nepal. Impacts of community forestry to date there has not been a direct and comprehensive study of livelihood impacts of community forestry across a large number of sites in nepal, although several studies have been conducted in a modest way, in a small number of sites, in recent years. However, empirical findings remain limited on how forests contribute to food security. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, hemant ojha and others published community forestry in nepal.
Furthermore, decisions were made according to the interest. Despite prolific research on cbnrm, little is known on how multiscale regimes evolve to influence and shape local level resource management practices in specific contexts. Community forestry was first introduced in 1978 to address forest degradation through partnership between local people and the government to manage community forests. These materials include books, diaries, calendars, and posters, regular and final reports of different programs, reports of general assembly of fecofun central and publications of district branches of fecofun. Heterogeneous impacts of community forestry on forest. Although there is an extensive literature on nepal s natural resources, there has been insuffi cient analysis of the costs and benefits of present and possible future sustainable and biodiver. National policy documents encourage management of ntfps by cfugs for commercial purposes, particularly by. The community forest user groups cfug in the pilot sites have increased. Policy, act, rules, regulations and guidelines related to the dof. This study was conducted to explore the local peoples perception on climate change and the role of community forestry cf to combat climate change impacts. The effects of the nepal community forestry program on. This paper provides brief introduction to the forest and community forest in nepal and context and status of community forest in nepal. Community forestry programme through the local forest users group has shown its positive impacts in the. Deputy director general chief, community forestry division department of forest kathmandu, nepal submitted to regional community forestry training center for asia and the pacific bangkok, thailand.
Nepal, co mmunity forestry policy, rural poverty, community welfare introduction in physical and institutional terms, land is a limiting factor for primary production in nepal. Nepals community forestry has been internationally recognized as an example of successful case of collective action. The effect of the nepal community forestry program on. Contents of the pdf documents were analyzed using r software. Status, issues and lessons learned, international journal of sciences, office ijsciences, vol. Our aim is to inform emerging forest policy that aims to mitigate climate change, promote biodiversity. Forestland, including shrub land and alpine pasture, comprises 39 percent of the total land area in nepal, and arable land covers 21 percent. Policy department of forests and soil conservation. In recent years, community forestry has become an integral part of the ministry of agriculture, water and forestry community based natural resource management cbnrm programme. This article explores the factors that influence propoor commercial management of nontimber forest products ntfps in 3 community forest user groups cfugs in the dolakha district in nepal.
The income generated is invested in different development activities, including propoor programs ppp. Community forestry is flourishing in nepal, improving the livelihoods of rural households in. Rosenbach jessica whittemore joel deboer a project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science natural resources and environment at the university of michigan april 20 faculty advisor. In order to understand the context and particular designs and objectives of nepals community forestry program, key literature.
Mountain development icimod, asia network for sustainable agriculture and bioresources ansab and federation of community forestry users nepal fecofun of the. In addition, the average forest area per household in these cfugs is only 50 percent of the average forest area per household for mixedsex cfugs. The following are the major documents related to the forest policy, act, rules and regulations. The communitybased forest comanagement initiatives in nepal transferred forest management authority to local community user groups. It is widespread in nepal, with a very high proportion of the rural population involved, and is widely recognized as.
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